Brachycephalic pets, like Persian cats and English bulldogs, are unique, lovable creatures. With their flat faces and big eyes, they can easily melt your heart. However, those two traits also make them more prone to certain health issues, especially as they age. To keep your flat-faced furry friend happy and healthy throughout their golden years, follow these six tips.

#1: Keep your senior pet’s eyes clean and monitor for issues

Because of the way brachycephalic pets’ faces are shaped, their eyes tend to bulge, leaving them less protected by the eye sockets. Their protruding eyes make brachycephalic pets more susceptible to a multitude of injuries and issues, including corneal damage, ulceration, and infections, as well as “dry eye” (i.e., keratoconjunctivitis sicca) and entropion. Brachycephalic dogs are also vulnerable to a condition known as proptosis (i.e., eye displacement). Severe head trauma can cause this condition, resulting in emergency surgical correction.

Keep an “eye” on your pet’s eyes as they age by wiping them daily with a damp washcloth, to remove discharge and matting. Protect your pet’s eyes as much as possible by preventing them from running through thick brush and tall weeds. If your pet’s typical eye discharge changes viscosity or color, or if they are squinting, rubbing, or pawing at their eyes, inform your veterinarian. 

#2: Monitor your senior pet closely when outdoors in hot weather

Brachycephalic pets are prone to heat intolerance because their smaller-than-normal airway restricts their panting ability. This conformation trait makes hot and humid conditions dangerous for flat-faced pets, so monitor them closely when outdoors. At the first hint of increased panting, take your pet inside, and help them cool down. Prevent heatstroke by exercising your brachycephalic pet in the early morning, when temperature and humidity are generally the most tolerable.

#3: Help your senior pet maintain a healthy weight

Obesity in brachycephalic pets can exacerbate brachycephalic syndrome signs that include respiratory problems, snoring, and noisy breathing, in addition to heat and exercise intolerance. Senior pets are also prone to osteoarthritis, and the extra weight they’re carrying can greatly increase the pressure on already painful joints. Help your pet maintain a healthy weight by feeding the appropriate amount, and engaging in routine, low-impact exercise. Ask your family veterinarian for advice on a proper diet and food amount for your senior pet.

#4: Be proactive about your senior pet’s dental care

Because of their flat face and shortened jaws, brachycephalic pets often have overcrowded teeth. Teeth that are too close together generally trap more food, generating increased plaque and tartar. As the oral bacteria attack your pet’s teeth and gums, they can suffer from painful gingivitis, tooth-root abscesses, bone loss, and other periodontal problems. Keep your brachycephalic pet’s mouth in good health with daily toothbrushing at home, and regular oral health checkups with your family veterinarian.

#5: Groom your senior pet regularly

Brachycephalic pets typically have excess skin folds on their face, particularly under their eyes and around their mouths. These areas trap moisture and debris, which can lead to bacterial and yeast infections. Make it a point to wipe your senior pet’s facial folds daily, or more frequently if needed, to keep these areas clean and dry. 

#6: Use caution when exercising your senior pet

While you should take care when exercising your senior brachycephalic pet in hot and humid conditions, you should also be cautious during mild temperatures. If your dog is prone to pulling on their leash, a flat collar can restrict their breathing. Switch to a harness, to prevent breathing issues.

As your brachycephalic pet ages, they become more prone to developing health conditions associated with their adorable, wrinkled face. Monitor their health with the help of a Lap of Love veterinarian in your area. If your senior pet develops a chronic medical issue that is affecting their quality of life, consider supporting them with veterinary hospice care or our telehospice service.