A natural consequence of aging in dogs and cats is thinning and sometimes fragile skin that can be easily irritated or damaged. Certain medical conditions can aggravate this fragility or cause other changes, such as oiliness, dryness, hair matting, skin infections, or hair loss. Pet owners should adapt grooming routines to address their pet’s ongoing skin concerns without discomfort or injury, which requires gentle techniques and appropriate tools. Here is our guide to help pet owners navigate the challenges of grooming older pets. 

Senior pet grooming challenges

Thin, delicate skin is prone to tears and injuries from rough grooming. The skin may also be more sensitive, and brushing or touching specific areas can be painful. Matted fur can be especially hurtful, because grooming pulls on the underlying skin, leading to tenderness and bruising. Painful joint conditions like arthritis can also cause discomfort when you pick up limbs or ask pets to stand for long periods. 

Tools for grooming older pets

The right tools can simplify grooming and prevent you from accidentally injuring your senior pet. You should choose tools according to your pet’s hair coat type and length, but a few are universally helpful. Here are the essentials for grooming older pets:

* Soft-bristled brush or mitt — Opt for soft, natural, silicone, or rubber bristles to avoid cutting delicate skin—skip the shedding blade or untipped metal bristles. A silicone mitt can double as a dry brush and help lather shampoo in the bath. Choose a curry-style brush for short-haired pets and a slicker-style brush with silicone tips for longer or thicker coats.

* Detangling comb — A wide-toothed comb is a useful detangling tool that won’t pull too hard and is perfect for detangling mats without tugging too hard. They’re handy for pets with longer coats.  

* Nail grinder — Nail grinders can be gentler than traditional clippers and provide a better nail-care experience for senior pets.

* Appropriate shampoo — Choose a hypoallergenic, soothing pet shampoo containing aloe, oatmeal, or other gentle ingredients for normal skin. Ask your veterinarian to recommend the best product for pets with skin conditions.

Bathing tips for older pets

The key to successfully bathing older pets is being careful. Pay close attention to water temperature and ensure your pet has adequate traction on the bottom of the tub. Provide treats throughout the bath to encourage calm behavior and create a positive association with bathtime. Support arthritic pets when you shift their weight and avoid making them stand on three legs. 

If using a medicated shampoo to address a skin condition, lather the most severely affected areas first, then work through the rest of the skin and fur. Medicated shampoos should sit on the skin for 5 to 10 minutes before rinsing. If your pet has sensitive or thin skin, be gentle and avoid pushing or pulling delicate areas.

After their bath, gently pat your pet dry with a soft towel. Avoid vigorous rubbing, which can irritate sensitive skin. Pets who are air-dried should be kept inside in temperature-controlled conditions, or you can briefly use a hairdryer on low heat to speed up drying time for tolerable pets. Never force a pet to endure the blowdryer if they’re frightened, and use a dryer only for short periods to avoid drying the skin and worsening irritation.

Grooming older pets with mats and tangles

Mats and tangles can be a big problem for long-haired senior pets, as skin changes can make the hair more likely to tangle. Cats may also groom less with age, leading to widespread matting. Try to pull apart any mat gently you find with your fingers or a wide-toothed comb, ensuring you don’t pull on the skin. Never use scissors to remove a mat, as you may accidentally cut the skin—and a small cut in a fragile area like the flank can quickly become an ample cut that requires sutures. 

If your pet doesn’t tolerate the matted area being touched, or you find widespread matting causing significant discomfort, contact your veterinarian or a skilled local groomer. Removing mats from delicate senior skin is tricky and may require sedation and veterinary supervision for safety and efficiency.

Grooming older pets with the right tools can help prevent the discomfort of a skin condition or matted fur and provide a unique bonding opportunity. Make short grooming sessions followed by a coveted treat or reward part of your daily routine to maintain your senior pet’s healthy skin and coat and avoid aggravating sensitive skin.